Recreational use of “ecstasy” (MDMA 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is associated with long-lasting effects on metabolism in the human brain, particularly to the brain’s neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT). Furthermore, chronic use of methamphetamine, which is similar in its chemical structure to “ecstasy”, is linked to impaired cognitive and motor skills despite recovery of dopamine transporters (DAT).

We have investigated whether chronic use of “ecstasy” is causing any impairment in motor skills and function of the dopaminergic system in recreational users of “ecstasy”. In our preliminary study, control subjects and “ecstasy” users were scanned at baseline and after performing on a motorbike riding videogame, while imaging dopamine in vivo with I123-IBZM (a D2 receptor radiotracer), using Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). The preliminary data showed 1) Lower measures of D2 at baseline in ecstasy users compared with control subjects; thus lower level of dopaminergic activity in “ecstasy” users 2) Significant displacement of [123I] IBZM by endogenous dopamine release during the game in healthy subjects unlike “ecstasy” users that means that recreational users of “ecstasy” release much less natural dopamine. 3) No difference between the groups in performance (reaction time) on the riding game after a year of recovery. Our results show a preliminary evidence for dopaminergic deficiency in “ecstasy” users, a finding that has not been shown before. However, similar to other drugs of abuse, it is not known whether dopaminergic deficiency is the cause or consequence of the use of “ecstasy”. We currently propose to proceed to scan more recreational users of “ecstasy” in order to assess whether chronic use of “ecstasy” is associated with deficient dopaminergic neurotransmission in the brain.

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria: Chronic Users of Ecstasy, and healthy controls, with no other diseases or drug abuse -

Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant and breast feeding women and aged below 18. neurological disorders and drub abuse.

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