Article: Colostomy

A colostomy is a surgical procedure that involves connecting a part of the colon onto the anterior abdominal wall, leaving the patient with an opening on the abdomen called a stoma. This opening is formed from the end of the large intestine drawn out through the incision and sutured to the skin. After a colostomy, feces leave the patient's body through the stoma, and collect in a bag attached to the patient's abdomen which is changed when necessary.

Indications

There are two main reasons for this procedure: either the lower end of the colon has had to be removed, for example due to a colon cancer or an injury, so that it is no longer possible for feces to pass out via the anus; or a portion of the colon has been operated upon and needs to be 'rested' until it is healed. In the latter case, the colostomy is temporary and is usually reversed at a later date, leaving the patient with a small scar where the stoma was.

Perception

Colostomies are viewed negatively due to the misconception that it is difficult to hide the smell of feces and the bag and even keeping it securely attached. However, modern colostomy bags are well-designed and allow stoma patients to continue normal activities.

Placement of the stoma on the abdomen, usually on the lower left side, is one of the main factors in the success of the stoma, and for this reason colostomies which are planned ahead have a higher rate of long-term success and satisfaction than those done in emergency surgery.

Alternatives

In some situations it may be possible to opt for a colo-anal pouch which eliminates the awkwardness and perceived social stigma associated with external bags. In place of an external appliance, an internal "pouch" is constructed using a portion of the patient's lower intestine, to act as a new rectum in replace of the original that has been removed.

See also

• Ileostomy