To obtain a pharmacokinetic profile of oral ZDV and to determine whether the oral administration of Zidovudine (ZDV) during labor and delivery will provide a similar profile to that obtained with the use of IV ZDV in ACTG 082. To evaluate the tolerance of oral ZDV in this population, defined as the ability to take oral doses and lack of vomiting within 30 minutes of receiving oral study doses. The worldwide use of constant intrapartum ZDV infusions to prevent transmission is not practical or feasible. Approximately 18% of the women in the ACTG 076 trial missed their IV ZDV infusions, even at experienced ACTG sites. There is an urgent need to establish a more practical method of delivering ZDV during labor and delivery that, at minimum, will approximate the rate of ZDV administration utilized in ACTG 082. In the future, this would enable women to start an intensive ZDV regimen during early labor, even prior to reaching the hospital.

Condition	Treatment or Intervention	Phase
HIV Infections Pregnancy	Drug: Zidovudine	Phase I

Further Study Details: 

Expected Total Enrollment:  36

The worldwide use of constant intrapartum ZDV infusions to prevent transmission is not practical or feasible. Approximately 18% of the women in the ACTG 076 trial missed their IV ZDV infusions, even at experienced ACTG sites. There is an urgent need to establish a more practical method of delivering ZDV during labor and delivery that, at minimum, will approximate the rate of ZDV administration utilized in ACTG 082. In the future, this would enable women to start an intensive ZDV regimen during early labor, even prior to reaching the hospital.

Cohort 1: Women in active labor receive 3 doses of oral ZDV 3 hours apart followed by PK sampling. After PK sampling post 3rd oral dose, or at 8 cm dilation (whichever comes first), women receive IV ZDV until delivery. The cord blood will be analyzed for serum ZDV PK levels and the infant's infection status will be determined. If the dose of ZDV is adequate to achieve targeted maternal serum drug levels in Cohort 1 and if oral dosing is tolerated in this cohort, Cohort 2 will begin enrollment. [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/03/01: Cohort 1 has been completed and only Cohort 2 is open for enrollment.] Cohort 2: [AS PER AMENDMENT 08/03/01: Women in active labor receive initial loading dose of oral ZDV, then another dose of oral ZDV 3 hours later, both doses followed by PK sampling. After PK sampling post second oral dose, or at 8 cm dilation (whichever comes first), woman receives IV ZDV until delivery. The cord blood will not be analyzed for serum ZDV PK levels and the infant's infection status will be determined.]

Genders Eligible for Study:  Female

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

A woman may be eligible for this study if:

• She is HIV-positive.
• She is at least 34 weeks pregnant.
• She has a history of at least 4 weeks of continuous oral ZDV during her current pregnancy and tolerated it well.
• She has given consent for her newborn to participate in this study. (The father must also give consent if he is available after reasonable attempts to contact him. A woman under 18 needs the consent of a parent or legal guardian for her and her infant to participate.)

Exclusion Criteria

A woman will not be eligible for this study if:

• She is taking part in another study of HIV treatment during pregnancy.
• Her infant has a life-threatening illness indicated in an ultrasound.
• Her infant does not appear to be growing normally in the womb.
• She has a cesarean section.
• She has abnormal blood test results.
• She has severe nausea, vomiting, or other problems of the stomach and intestines at the time of study entry.
• She has an active opportunistic (AIDS-related) infection or other serious infection at the time of study entry.
• The study staff cannot find a usable vein.
• The study doctor feels that she cannot take drugs by mouth.

California
      UCSF / Moffitt Hosp - Pediatric, San Francisco,  California,  941430105,  United States
      UCSD Med Ctr / Pediatrics / Clinical Sciences, La Jolla,  California,  920930672,  United States
      UCLA Med Ctr / Pediatric, Los Angeles,  California,  900951752,  United States
      Univ of California, San Francisco, San Francisco,  California,  94143,  United States
Florida
      Univ of Miami (Pediatric), Miami,  Florida,  33161,  United States
      Univ of Florida Health Science Ctr / Pediatrics, Jacksonville,  Florida,  32209,  United States
      Univ of Miami / Jackson Memorial Hosp, Miami,  Florida,  33136,  United States
New Jersey
      Univ of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey / Univ Hosp, Newark,  New Jersey,  071032714,  United States
Tennessee
      Saint Jude Children's Research Hosp of Memphis, Memphis,  Tennessee,  381052794,  United States
Virginia
      Children's Hosp of the King's Daughters, Norfolk,  Virginia,  23507,  United States
Puerto Rico
      San Juan City Hosp, San Juan,  009367344,  Puerto Rico

Study chairs or principal investigators

Mark Mirochnick,  Study Chair
Pamela Boyer,  Study Chair

Study ID Numbers:  PACTG 324
Record last reviewed:  August 2004
Last Updated:  April 7, 2005
Record first received:  November 2, 1999
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:  NCT00000862
Health Authority: United States: Federal Government
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on 2005-04-08