RATIONALE: Some hormones can stimulate the growth of some types of cancer cells. Hormone therapy using megestrol may fight cancer by reducing the production of these hormones.

PURPOSE: Phase I/II trial to study the effectiveness of high-dose megestrol in treating patients with metastatic breast cancer, endometrial cancer, or mesothelioma which cannot be treated with surgery or radiation therapy.

OBJECTIVES: I. Evaluate the clinical effects of high-dose oral megestrol in improving regression rate and prolonging survival in patients with breast or endometrial carcinoma or mesothelioma.

II. Evaluate the immune, endocrine, and clinical effects of this regimen, with particular attention to effects on cachexia.

PROTOCOL OUTLINE: This is a randomized study. Patients are stratified by performance status, dominant site of disease, and prior treatment with megestrol.

Breast cancer patients are randomized to one of 3 doses of oral megestrol (800, 1,280, or 1,600 mg/day, divided qid).

Female patients with other tumor types are nonrandomly assigned to receive oral megestrol at 1,600 mg/day.

Male patients are nonrandomly assigned to a dose-finding study of megestrol. The first patient cohort receives megestrol at 480 mg/day in 3 divided doses, with further escalation for subsequent cohorts as tolerated.

All patients continue therapy for at least 8 weeks, with treatment discontinued upon progression. Measurable lesions are evaluated every 2 months.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: 9 evaluable breast cancer patients at each dose level will be entered; 14 patients will be required for each of the other disease categories. (As of 11/92, the study is temporarily closed to patients with prostate cancer.)

Ages Eligible for Study:  18 Years and above

Criteria

PROTOCOL ENTRY CRITERIA:

--Disease Characteristics--

• Histologically documented metastatic breast or endometrial carcinoma or mesothelioma not amenable to surgical and/or radiotherapeutic cure or long-term control
• Measurable soft tissue, bony, or visceral lesions required; Indicator lesions other than blastic bony metastases and pleural effusions required for breast cancer
• Hormone receptor status (breast cancer): Estrogen-receptor-positive and/or progesterone-receptor-positive

--Prior/Concurrent Therapy--

• Biologic therapy: At least 4 weeks since therapy
• Chemotherapy: At least 4 weeks since therapy
• Endocrine therapy: Breast cancer: At least disease stabilization achieved following tamoxifen or other hormonal manipulation if such treatment given previously, At least 4 weeks since therapy; Nonbreast cancer patients may be entered immediately after conventional doses of megestrol or other hormones
• Radiotherapy: At least 4 weeks since therapy; Concomitant radiotherapy to nonindicator lesions allowed
• Surgery: At least 4 weeks since therapy

--Patient Characteristics--

• Age: At least 18
• Sex (breast cancer): Not specified
• Menopausal status (breast cancer): Any status
• Performance status: Not specified
• Life expectancy: At least 3 months
• Hematopoietic: Not specified
• Hepatic: Not specified
• Renal: Not specified