Article: Oxazepam

Oxazepam
Systematic (IUPAC) name
9-chloro-4-hydroxy-6-phenyl- 2,5-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undeca- 5,8,10,12-tetraen-3-one
Identifiers
CAS number	604-75-1
ATC code	N05BA04
PubChem	4616
DrugBank	APRD01152
Chemical data
Formula	C15H11ClN2O2
Mol. weight	286.71
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	Hepatic
Half life	4-15 hours
Excretion	Renal
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	Schedule IV(US)
Routes	Oral

Oxazepam (marketed under brand names Alepam®, Murelax®, Serax®, Serepax®, Seresta®) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties.

Pharmacology

Oxazepam is a metabolic by-product of diazepam.

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Indications

It is an intermediate acting benzodiazepine with a slow onset of action, so it is usually prescribed to individuals who have trouble staying asleep, rather than falling asleep. It is commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders with associated tension, irritability, and agitation. It is also prescribed for drug and alcohol withdrawal, and for anxiety associated with depression.

Dosage

• Mild/moderate anxiety - 10 to 15mg, 3 to 4 times daily
• Severe anxiety - 15 to 30mg, 3 to 4 times daily
• Symptoms related to alcohol withdrawal - 15 to 30mg, 3 to 4 times daily

Side effects

The side effects of oxazepam are similar in nature to those of other benzodiazepines.

Side effects from oxazepam are common and include: drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness, weakness, dry mouth, diarrhea, upset stomach, changes in appetite.

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Interactions

As oxazepam is an active metabolite of diazepam, there is likely an overlap in possible interactions with other drugs or food.

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Contraindications

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Overdose

Symptoms of overdose include:

• Somnolence
• Confusion
• Impaired motor function
• Coma
• Hypoventilation (respiratory depression)
• Hypotension

Legal Status

Oxazepam is a Schedule IV drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances [1].