Article: Gatifloxacin

Gatifloxacin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro- 8-methoxy-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)- 4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	112811-59-3
ATC code	J01MA16 S01AX21
PubChem	5379
DrugBank	APRD00996
Chemical data
Formula	C19H22FN3O4
Mol. weight	375.394 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	20%
Metabolism	?
Half life	7-14 hours
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	?

Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV. Bristol-Myers Squibb introduced Gatifloxacin in 1999 under the proprietary name Tequin® for the treatment of respiratory tract infections, having licensed the medication from Kyorin Pharmaceutical Company of Japan. Allergan produces an eye-drop formulation called Zymar. Gatifloxacin is available as tablets and in various aqueous solutions for intravenous therapy.

Side-effects and removal from the market

A Canadian study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in March 2006 claims Tequin® can have "life threatening" side effects including serious diabetes.^[1] An editorial by Dr. Jerry Gurwitz in the same issue called for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to consider giving Tequin® a black box warning.^[2] This editorial followed distribution of a letter dated February 15 by Bristol-Myers Squibb to health care providers indicating action taken with the FDA to strengthen warnings for the medication.^[3] Subsequently it was reported on May 1, 2006 that Bristol-Myers Squibb would stop manufacture of Tequin, end sales of the drug after existing stockpiles were exhausted, and return all rights to Kyorin.^[4]

Notes

1. ^ Park-Wyllie, Laura Y., David N. Juurlink, Alexander Kopp, Baiju R. Shah, Therese A. Stukel, Carmine Stumpo, Linda Dresser, Donald E. Low, Muhammad M. Mamdani (March 2006). "Outpatient Gatifloxacin Therapy and Dysglycemia in Older Adults". The New England Journal of Medicine 354 (13): 1352–1361. PMID 16510739. Retrieved on 2006-05-01. Note: publication date 30 March; available on-line 1 March
2. ^ Gurwitz, Jerry H. (March 2006). "Serious Adverse Drug Effects — Seeing the Trees through the Forest". The New England Journal of Medicine 354 (13): 1413–1415. PMID 16510740. Retrieved on 2006-05-01.
3. ^ Lewis-Hall, Freda (February 15, 2006). Dear Healthcare Provider:. (PDF) Bristol-Myers Squibb. Retrieved on May 1, 2006.
4. ^ Schmid, Randolph E., "Drug Company Taking Tequin Off Market", Associated Press, May 1, 2006. Retrieved on May 1, 2006.