The purpose of this study is to evaluate electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) administered concurrently with antidepressant medication. This study will also compare two different types of ECT.

Condition	Treatment or Intervention	Phase
Depression Depressive Disorder Bipolar Disorder	Procedure: Electroconvulsive therapy  Drug: Nortriptyline  Drug: Venlafaxine  Drug: Lithium	Phase IV

Further Study Details: 

Expected Total Enrollment:  630

This study addresses 2 issues in the optimization of ECT in patients with major depression: whether patients treated with ECT should receive concurrent treatment with antidepressant medications, and the relative efficacy and side effects of high dosage right unilateral (RUL) ECT compared to low dosage bilateral (BL) ECT.

This study has 2 phases. In Phase I, patients are randomized to receive nortriptyline, venlafaxine (Effexor), or placebo while they simultaneously receive either high dosage RUL ECT or low dosage BL ECT. Patients have an electrocardiogram (EKG), a chest x-ray, medical and neurological examinations, and blood tests. Memory function is assessed before and after ECT. Whenever feasible, patients are withdrawn from all prior psychotropic medication before the start of ECT. ECT is administered 3 times per week to inpatients and twice a week to outpatients. Patients continue ECT until they are asymptomatic or until there is a plateau in improvement over 2 treatments.

Patients who respond to ECT enter Phase II and add lithium to either nortriptyline or venlafaxine within 1-3 days of the last ECT. Clinical and side effect evaluations and blood level determinations are conducted weekly for the first month, every 2 weeks until Week 12, and every 4 weeks for the remaining 12 weeks. Following any indication of relapse, patients are monitored more intensively and are re-evaluated within 1 week. The neurocognitive battery is readministered to all patients at 2 and 6 months after the acute ECT course, regardless of ECT clinical outcome.

Ages Eligible for Study:  18 Years and above,  Genders Eligible for Study:  Both

Criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

• Major depressive episode (unipolar or bipolar)
• Pre-ECT score of 20 or higher on Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression
• Able to withdraw psychotropic drugs (up to 3 mg/day lorazepam allowed)
• ECT indicated

Exclusion Criteria:

• Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or other psychosis
• Amnestic disorder, dementia, or delirium
• Pregnancy
• Epilepsy
• Current alcohol or substance abuse or dependence
• CNS disease or brain injury not associated with psychotropic drug exposure
• ECT in the past 6 months
• Medical contraindication for treatment with either nortriptyline or venlafaxine, including allergy to amitriptyline, nortriptyline, or venlafaxine; narrow angle glaucoma; sinus node disease; bundle branch disease; myocardial infarction; coronary artery bypass or angioplasty; or angina
• Type I antiarrhythmic medication
• Supine blood pressure >= 170 mmHg systolic or >= 105 mmHg diastolic at 3 readings over 2 days

Harold A Sackeim, Ph.D.      212 543-5855    has1@columbia.edu

Missouri
      Washington University, Saint Louis,  Missouri,  63110,  United States; Recruiting
New York
      New York State Psychiatric Institute at Columbia University, New York,  New York,  10032,  United States; Recruiting
North Carolina
      Wake Forest University, Winston Salem,  North Carolina,  27103,  United States; Recruiting
Pennsylvania
      Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh,  Pennsylvania,  15213,  United States; Recruiting

Study chairs or principal investigators

Harold A Sackeim, Ph.D.,  Study Chair,  New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University   

Study ID Numbers:  61609-01A1
Record last reviewed:  January 2005
Last Updated:  January 25, 2005
Record first received:  September 13, 2002
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:  NCT00045916
Health Authority: United States: Federal Government
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on 2005-04-08